On web pages adding application/octet-stream was popular method to force downloading - especially for PDF - because some users may have settings in browser which displays PDF with built-in viewer instead of downloading.

In this example for some computers it needed also binary/octet-stream

Minimal working code with example CSV

from selenium import webdriver

url = 'https://data.europa.eu/euodp/pl/data/dataset/covid-19-coronavirus-data'

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()

profile.set_preference("browser.download.panel.shown", False)

profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile","text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/octet-stream,binary/octet-stream")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "CSV File,text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel")
#profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force", False)

profile.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 2);
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", "/home/furas/")   # destination folder


driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

driver.get(url)

item = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@id="dataset-resources"]//li[2]//a')
print('text:', item.text)
print('href:', item.get_attribute('href'))
item.click()

Sometimes it is good to use DevTools (tab: Network) in Firefox/Chrome to see request send to browser when file is downloaded to checks header Content-Type. It may use different value.

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